Chapter 15 Worksheet

Chapter 15 Worksheet

Grayson Foye


 Who is the author of this chapter and what information can you find about the author elsewhere in the text? Jarrel H. Shofner.   

 

According to this chapter, list 2 things that were in desperate need of “reconstruction”  

2 things that this chapter makes clear that need reconstruction is obviously slavery, and the economy after the civil war.

 

Florida stands apart from other areas of the South in the way that General Newton handled two main areas: politics & freedmen.  Discuss both.

Florida was reformed faster in regards to freedmen. This is because he informed farmers to start paying their slaves for their work.

Regarding Politics, Florida stood apart from other states in regards to the Direct Tax Commission, which helped sell confederate property on union lines.

 

Demand for cotton was (increasing or decreasing) during the early years of reconstruction.

                                                    CIRCLE ONE               

 

White And black farmers alike were given a new structure in which to run their land (called by 3 different terms in the text).  What is one of the names of this new agricultural system used by the author?

Sharecropping, crop liens, tenant farming

 

What 2 issues engulfed Florida as well as the entire nations, just as Lincoln feared it would?

The 2 main issues were anger and bitterness, obviously from confederates who just lost the war. Also uproar, from the farmers who now had to share their crops with their former slaves.

 

Shofner describes a very sticky situation in regards to President Johnson restoring land ownership to former confederates.  Reflect on how this affects the statewide condition at the time.

The confederates land was eventually returned to them, but it caused unrest within the union community because it did not reflect the reconstruction they wanted.

 

 

 

What does the text mean about Lincoln’s “non-punitive ideas”?

Lincoln did not want to punish the people, he wanted to rebuild government in union based territories during the war.

 

We know that “Black Codes” took shape despite the efforts of the Freedman’s Bureau.  Discuss the ways that Florida fell into the practices.

Slavery was rooted in the blood of most of these Floridians. Florida refused to change despite the changed conditions of 1866. 

 

Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1865 so ineffective?

The civil rights act was ineffective in regards to the fact that people of color had a harder time with housing and employment. 

 

 

What legislative measures marked the end of martial law in Florida?

Violence and disorder remained, meaning that congress could not respond with legislation to empower the president.

 

 

Describe the internal divisions that developed in Florida during the reconstruction years.

The internal divisions were mostly between government officials, who had different views on Union vs Confederate. One example of this was in Florida’s restored government. Wilkinson Call was elected to the U.S. Senate, and there was some grumbling with Union members. 

 

 

 

What 2 measures were taken by conservative whites to prevent Freedmen from exercising their rights to suffrage?

They used violence and intimidation to discourage or prevent blacks from exercising their rights to vote. 

 

 

 

What is the contrasting difference between reconstruction effects in middle and peninsular Florida?

 

Reconstruction brought unwanted political and racial tension to the middle Florida plantation belt, however, it also brought welcomed settlement to Peninsular Florida.

 

 

When Shofner turns from reconstruction to renewal, list industries and individuals who played a role.

Citrus + Tourist Industries played the biggest role in Renewal

Hubbard Hart, Frederick Debary= attraction owners

Henry S. Sanford

Ossian B. Hard, helped with Florida’s financial situation.

 

The late entry of what industry had a negative impact on Florida’s renewal?

Railroad construction.

 

The political temperature in Florida changed dramatically in the renewal years.  Expound on that and include the one negative piece of legislature that added to already active Black Codes.

Conservative Whites were feeling the burden of the civil war. Most of Florida was still in favor of Republican leaders. Poll tax was implemented, which basically kept all the black people away from the polls. 

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